Widest Tire and Wheel Combination You Can Run on the Front of a 1999 Trans Am

2007 Schools Wikipedia Pick. Related subjects: Railway ship

In rail transport, a train consists of rail vehicles that movement forth guides to transport freight or passengers from ane place to another. The guideway ( permanent way) usually consists of conventional runway tracks, but might also exist monorail or maglev. Propulsion for the railroad train is provided past a split locomotive, or from private motors in self-propelled multiple units. Well-nigh trains are powered past diesel engines or by electricity supplied past trackside systems. Historically the steam engine was the dominant form of locomotive ability through the mid-20th century, but other sources of power (such every bit horses, rope (or wire), gravity, pneumatics, or gas turbines) are possible.Trains are really cool and fast kchow!

In American railway terminology, a consist is used to describe the group of rails vehicles which brand up a train. In the United Kingdom, the interchangeable terms set and unit of measurement are used to refer to a group of permanently or semi-permanently couple vehicles such as those of a multiple unit. While when referring to a train made up of a variety of vehicles, or of several sets/units, the term germination is used. (Although the Great britain public and media often forgo 'formation', for only 'train'.)

In the United Kingdom Section 83(1) of the Railways Human action 1993 defines "train" as follows:

a) two or more items of rolling stock coupled together, at least one of which is a locomotive; or

b) a locomotive not coupled to any other rolling stock.

Types of trains

Modern German Class 423 EMU trainsets meet each other

Japanese

Shinkansen

500 Series (

Loftier-speed track)

In that location are various types of trains designed for particular purposes.

A train tin can consist of a combination of ane or more locomotives and attached railroad cars, or a self-propelled multiple unit (or occasionally a single powered motorcoach, called a railcar). Trains can also be hauled by horses, pulled by a cable, or run downhill past gravity.

Special kinds of trains running on corresponding special 'railways' are atmospheric railways, monorails, high-speed railways, Dinky Trains, maglev, rubber-tired underground, funicular and cog railways.

A rider railroad train may consist of i or several locomotives, and one or more than coaches. Alternatively, a train may consist entirely of passenger conveying coaches, some or all of which are powered as a " multiple unit". In many parts of the globe, particularly Nihon and Europe, high-speed rail is utilized extensively for passenger travel.

Freight trains incorporate wagons or trucks rather than carriages, though some parcel and mail trains (specially Travelling Postal service Offices) are outwardly more than like rider trains.

In the Britain, a train hauled past 2 locomotives is said to be "double-headed", and in Canada and the United states of america it is quite mutual for a long freight train to be headed by 3, four, or even five locomotives. A train with a locomotive fastened at each end is described as 'top and tailed', this practice typically existence used when at that place are no reversing facilities available. Where the second locomotive is attached temporarily to assist a train upwardly steep banks (or downwards them by providing braking ability) it is referred to as 'cyberbanking'.

Trains can likewise be mixed, hauling both passengers and freight, see e.thou. Transportation in Islamic republic of mauritania. Such mixed trains became rare in many countries, but were commonplace on the first 19th-century railroads.

Special trains are too used for Track Maintenance; in some places, this is called maintenance of manner.

A single uncoupled runway vehicle is not technically a train, but is usually referred to equally such for signaling reasons.

Motive power

A heritage steam train in Poland

An early on horse-pulled railroad train

The first trains were rope-hauled, gravity powered or pulled by horses, but from the early 19th century almost all were powered past steam locomotives. From the 1920s onwards they began to be replaced by less labour intensive and cleaner (merely more than expensive) diesel locomotives and electrical locomotives, while at near the same fourth dimension self-propelled multiple unit vehicles of either ability organisation became much more common in rider service. Most countries had replaced steam locomotives for day-to-24-hour interval utilise past the 1970s. A few countries, about notably the People'south Commonwealth of China where coal is in cheap and plentiful supply, still apply steam locomotives, but this is being gradually phased out. Historic steam trains withal run in many other countries, for the leisure and enthusiast market.

Electric traction offers a lower cost per mile of train performance but at a very high initial toll, which can only be justified on loftier traffic lines. Since the cost per mile of construction is much higher, electric traction is less favored on long-distance lines. Electric trains receive their current via overhead lines or through a third rail electric arrangement.

Passenger trains

Passenger trains accept Passenger cars. Passenger trains travel between stations; the altitude between stations may vary from nether one km to much more than. Long-distance trains, sometimes crossing several countries, may have a dining car or restaurant auto; they may also accept sleeping cars, only not in the case of high-speed rail; these arrive at their destination before the dark falls and are in competition with airliners in speed. Very long distance trains such as those on the Trans-Siberian railway are usually not loftier-speed.

Very fast trains sometimes tilt, like the Pendolino or Talgo. Tilting is a arrangement where the passenger cars automatically lean into curves, reducing the centrifugal forces acting on passengers and permitting higher speeds on curves in the rail with greater passenger condolement.

For trains connecting cities, nosotros can distinguish inter-metropolis trains, which do non halt at small stations, and trains that serve all stations, commonly known equally local trains or "stoppers" (and sometimes an intermediate kind, see also express-cease).

An electrical multiple unit of measurement pulling into Tile Loma station; Coventry, England

Interior of a passenger motorcar in a long-altitude train in Finland

V43, a common Hungarian

electric locomotive used in passenger train service.

For shorter distances many cities have networks of commuter trains, serving the metropolis and its suburbs. Some carriages may be laid out to accept more standing room than seats, or to facilitate the carrying of prams, cycles or wheelchairs. Some countries accept some double-decked rider trains for employ in conurbations. Double deck high speed and sleeper trains are becoming more common in Europe.

Passenger trains usually take emergency brake handles (or a "communication string") that the public can operate. Corruption is punished by a heavy fine.

Big cities often have a metro system, also called clandestine, subway or tube. The trains are electrically powered, usually by 3rd rail, and their railroads are split from other traffic, without level crossings. Usually they run in tunnels in the city centre and sometimes on elevated structures in the outer parts of the urban center. They tin accelerate and decelerate faster than heavier, long-distance trains.

A calorie-free i- or 2-car rail vehicle running through the streets is by convention not considered a railroad train but rather a tram, trolley, light-rail vehicle or streetcar, but the distinction is not always strict. In some countries such as the Uk the distinction between a tramway and a railway is precise and defined in law.

The term lite track is sometimes used for a modern tram, simply it may likewise hateful an intermediate form between a tram and a train, like to metro except that it may have level crossings. These are oftentimes protected with crossing gates. They may also be called a trolley.

Maglev trains and monorails represent minor technologies in the train field.

The term rapid transit is used for public transport such as commuter trains, metro and light runway. However, in New York City, lines on the New York City Subway have been referred to as "trains".

Freight trains

An electric container freight train

Freight wagons filled with

limestone await unloading, at sidings in

Rugby, England

An

SP freight train due west of Chicago in 1992.

Freight trains take freight cars.

Much of the globe'due south freight is transported by train. In the U.s. the rail organisation is used more often than not for transporting cargo (or freight).

Under the right circumstances, transporting freight past train is highly economic, and also more energy efficient than transporting freight by road. Rail freight is most economic when freight is being carried in majority and over long distances, but is less suited to short distances and small loads. Bulk aggregate movements of a mere twenty miles tin be cost constructive fifty-fifty allowing for trans-shipment costs. These trans-shipment costs boss in many cases and many modern practices such as container freight are aimed at minimizing these.

The main disadvantage of rail freight is its lack of flexibility. For this reason, rail has lost much of the freight business organization to road competition. Many governments are now trying to encourage more than freight onto trains, because of the environmental benefits that it would bring.

In that location are many dissimilar types of freight trains, which are used to comport many different kinds of freight, with many different types of wagons. One of the most common types on modern railways are container trains, where containers can be lifted on and off the train past cranes and loaded off or onto trucks or ships.

This type of freight railroad train has largely superseded the traditional boxcar type of freight train, with which the cargo has to be loaded or unloaded manually.

In some countries " piggy-dorsum" trains are used: trucks can drive straight onto the railroad train and drive off again when the cease destination is reached. A system like this is used on the Channel Tunnel between England and France and between France and Italy ( Modalohr road trailer carriers). Piggy dorsum trains are the fastest growing type of freight trains in the The states, where they are likewise known every bit ' trailer on flatcar' or TOFC trains. There are also some "inter-modal" vehicles, which have 2 sets of wheels, for utilise in a train, or as the semi-trailer of a road vehicle. This is obsolete , the current semi-trailers accept road wheels only and are carried on especially adapted trucks when moving on rails, for specific details run into Roadrailer.

There are also many other types of wagons, such as "low loader" wagons for transporting route vehicles. There are refrigerator cars for transporting foods such as ice cream. At that place are simple types of open-topped wagons for transporting minerals and bulk textile such as coal, and tankers for transporting liquids and gases. Today however most coal and aggregates are moved in hopper wagons that can be filled and discharged rapidly, to enable efficient treatment of the materials.

Freight trains are sometimes illegally boarded by passengers who practise not wish, or do not accept the coin, to travel by ordinary means. This is referred to every bit " hopping" and is considered by some communities to be a feasible class of transport. Most hoppers sneak into train yards and stow away in boxcars. More bold hoppers volition catch a railroad train "on the fly", that is, as it is moving, leading to occasional fatalities.

Famous train routes

Famous historical train services include the:

• Orange Blossom Special - New York, NY to Miami, FL.
• Orient Express in Europe.
• Super Chief - Chicago, IL to Los Angeles, CA.
• Trans-Siberian in Russia.
• Blue Train in South Africa.
• Train-de-Luxe from Johannesburg to Victoria Falls.
• Chihuahua al Pacifico in Mexico.
• Glacier Express in Switzerland.
• Palace on Wheels in Rajasthan, Bharat.
• Borderland Mail and One thousand Body Express, India.
• Broadway Limited New York, NY to Chicago, IL.
• The Canadian in Canada.
• 20th Century Limited New York, NY to Chicago, IL.
• City of New Orleans Chicago, IL to New Orleans, LA.
• California Zephyr Chicago, IL to San Francisco, CA.
• Indian Pacific and The Ghan in Commonwealth of australia (long-distance rail).
• Puffing Billy and The Gulflander in Commonwealth of australia (heritage and touring).
• Rheingold Express in Kingdom of the netherlands, Germany and Switzerland, following the grade of the Rhine.
• Deccan Queen Mumbai to Pune, India.
• Flight Scotsman, London to Edinburgh, in the United Kingdom.
• Alberta Prairie Railway Excursions, Stettler, Alberta, to Big Valley, Alberta, Canada.

Fictional trains

• Hogwarts Express: Harry Potter book series
• Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends — Television set Series originated from The Railway Series by the Rev.West.Awdry
• The Polar Limited — From the book of the aforementioned proper name, this train takes children to the North Pole.
• Silverish Streak Appeared in two movies, the 1934 thriller Silvery Streak and the 1976 comedy with Gene Wilder and Richard Pryor.
• Taggart Comet ( Atlas Shrugged)
• The Great Train Robbery — feature film based on a true story, also title of a modern picture show.
• Starlight Limited ( Andrew Lloyd Webber) — Musical about an quondam steam engine being replaced past an electrical engine.
• Milky way Express 999 — From the manga and anime of the same proper noun by Leiji Matsumoto, this train travels the milky way from planet to planet.
• Runaway Train — Flick about escaped inmates on a delinquent train.
• Atomic Railroad train — Tv pic (1999) A runaway railroad train conveying an atomic bomb into a town.
• Astrotrain A Decepticon triple-changer from the Transformers More than Meets the Eye character line.
• Supertrain — One of the biggest television receiver disasters ever.
• "The Celestial Railroad" — Short story by Nathaniel Hawthorne
• The Taking of Pelham 123 — 1974 flick adjusted from the John Godey novel of the same proper noun about the hijacking of a New York Subway train.

External links: List of Railway Movies (equally of December 5, 1995).

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Source: https://www.cs.mcgill.ca/~rwest/wikispeedia/wpcd/wp/t/Train.htm

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